gerund

A gerund is a word formed a verb used as a noun and ending in –ing.
e.g. The prince’s hobby is hunting
We must abolish gambling
Swimming makes the body healthy

The Function Of Gerund:
Gerund can be used as a subject, complement an object of verb or as an object of preposition
a) Used as subject
e.g. Gambling can’t make anyone rich
Smoking is not good for health
Praying is the Moslem’s duty

b) Used as complement
e.g. The last lesson is reading
His hobby is playing chess
His job is photographing

c) Used as object of verb
e.g. Have you finished reading the newspaper?
Do you like watching television
Let us stop arguing

d) Used as the object of preposition
e.g. I’ll come to your place after eating lunch
I am sorry for keeping you waiting
After working hard the children fell tired

Note : a gerund always ends in –ing, but not all words ending in –ing are gerunds.
They may be present participles or verb phrase.
e.g. Sitting, the leader was thinking about the planning
The word sitting isn’t a gerund, but he present participle, because it is used an adjective qualifying the noun leader. The word thinking is not a gerund but it is a part of the verb phrase was thinking. The gerund is only one, planning which used as a noun becoming object of preposition about.

The words with follows the gerund
admit delay forget mind regret
advise Deny hate miss remember
appreciate enjoy keep postpone resist
discuss finish like practice risk
dislike fancy love quite stop
suggest
The phrase with follows the gerund
can’t help go on put off
can’t bear give up No use
can’t stand keep on No need
carry on looked forward to
e.g. We couldn’t help laughing when we hear the joke
He has given up smoking
We look forward to meeting the manager



Exercises 18
A. Put the verbs in brackets in to gerund form
1. Julia is found of (read) novel written by Amru Dowly
2. Mr. Andy is looking forward to (visit) Indonesia
3. (swim) is considered to be a good exercise
4. Ahmad hates (be) called “fatty”
5. The new students began to (practice) the conversation

B. Put each of following in complete sentence as functions shown
1. joking “as gerund as participle and as adverb”
2. learning English by heart ”as a gerund phase and a participle one”
3. fishing “as complement”
4. closing “as subject”
5. sewing “as object of preposition”